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'''The clove tree, botanically named ''Syzygium aromaticum L.'', originates from Maluku Island is a member of the ''Myrtaceae'' family of evergreen trees, which typically grows in Indonesiaa humid tropical climate below 300m where there is no noticeable dry season. Clove was imported to Europe already While clove farming has existed in the 7th century. Upon discovery of Maluku Island by the PortugeseMadagascar since 1820, the clove trade became monopolised by the Portugese until they were driven out by the Dutch a number one cash-crop in the early 17th century. The trade was thereafter controlled by the Dutch until Pierre Poivre smuggled seedlings of the clove tree out of the country while organising several expeditions on behalf of the French East India Company. Clove were consequently brought 1990, providing an important contribution for Malagasy households, allowing farmers to Mauritius supplement their income during shortfalls in 1770 and thereafter to La Reunion island. The first plants appeared in Madagascar on Sainte Marie island in the 1820sfood production.'''

{| class="imageTable"|-|colspan="3" | [[File:Madagascar Cloves 001004.jpg|600px]]|-|[[File:Madagascar Cloves 013.jpg|196px]]|align="center"|[[File:Madagascar Cloves 014.jpg|196px]]|align="right"|[[File:Madagascar Cloves 015.jpg|196px]]|}

In less than a Clove originates from Maluku Island in Indonesia and was imported to Europe already in the 7th century. Upon discovery of Maluku Island by the Portuguese, the clove tree trade became monopolised by the Portuguese until driven out by the Dutch in the early 17th century. The trade thereafter became controlled by the Dutch until Pierre Poivre smuggled clove seedlings out of the country while organising expeditions on behalf of the French East India Company. Clove was adopted by small houseold consequently brought to Mauritius in 1770 and thereafter to La Reunion island. The first plants appeared in Madagascar farmers who had quickly gained expertise on Sainte Marie island in its cultivation and valorisationthe 1820s.

In less than a century, the clove tree was adopted by Malagasy farmers who quickly gained expertise in its cultivation and valorisation. In Madagascar, clove trees are grown for both purposes of clove spice and clove oil production. Farmers can produce clove spice from the flower buds or essential oil from the leaves, or alternate seasonally between the two. Clove oil is produced by hydrodistillation of the leaves, although essential oils derived from the clove bud and stem produce the highest yield.

By 1920/1930 {| class="imageTable"|-|colspan="3" | [[File:Madagascar became a major producer and exporter of cloves and clove essential oil and is since 1990s the world's leading exporterCloves 016.jpg|600px]]|-|[[File:Madagascar Cloves 001.jpg|196px]]|align="center"|[[File:Madagascar Cloves 003.jpg|196px]]|align="right"|[[File:Madagascar Cloves 008.jpg|196px]]|}

Clove production span along the entire east coast By 1920/1930 Madagascar became a major producer and exporter of Madagascar from Sambava to Fort Dauphin cloves and clove essential oil and especially between throughout is since the an area known as Analanjirofo (Malagasy for "clove-forest"), which makes up part of 1990s the Toamasina Province, incluiding [[Tamatave]], [[Sainte Marie]] island (Île Sainte-Marie), [[Mananara]] and [[Fenoarivo Atsinanana]] (Fénérive or Fénérive-Est), [[Soanierana Ivongo]] district. About 90% of todayworld's clove production is concentrated around Mananara, Soanierana Ivongo and Fénérive Estleading exporter.

The Clove production span along the east coast of Madagascar from Sambava to Fort Dauphin and especially throughout Analanjirofo (Malagasy for "clove tree-forest"), a member which makes up part of the ''Toamasina Province, including [[Tamatave]], [[Sainte Marie|Sainte Marie Island]] (Île Sainte-Marie), [[Mananara]] and [[Fenoarivo Atsinanana]] (Fénérive or Fénérive-Est) and the [[https://enSoanierana Ivongo]] district.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrtaceae Myrtaceae]About 90% of Madagascar'' family of evergreen treess clove production is concentrated around Mananara, which typically grows in humid tropical climate below 300m where there is no noticeable dry seasonSoanierana Ivongo and Fénérive Est.

The plant flowers for the first time after 8-10 years and the trees are fully flowering at around 20 years. Cloves are the nail-like spikes which are unopened flower-buds. Branches of clustered flower-buds are removed from the stems, then handpicked and sun-dried. Clove harvesting in Madagascar takes place between October and January[[File:Madagascar_Cloves_017.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Syzygium aromaticum]]

Clove is have a variety of culinary The plant flowers for the first time after 8-10 years and nonthe trees are fully flowering at around 20 years. Cloves are the nail-culinary useslike spikes which are unopened flower-buds. As a spiceThe name derives from the Latin word ''clavus'', cloves meaning nail. Branches of clustered flower-buds are used removed from the stems, then handpicked and sun-dried. Clove harvesting in curries, spicy fruit cakes, sauerkraut Madagascar takes place between October and a wide range of cuisines as well as beverages, such as re wideMarch.<!-- fact-check-->

NonClove has a variety of culinary and non-food use culinary uses. As a spice, cloves are blending the spice with tobacco used in Indonesian clove cigarettes called ''Kretek'' which accounts for curries, spicy fruitcakes, sauerkraut and a large proportion wide range of Madagascar's clove exports and world-productioncuisines as well as beverages such as red wines.

Cloves are is widely used as a base in perfumes, for example Non-food uses include mixing the spice with tobacco in Indonesian clove cigarettes called ''lkretek'Air du Temps'which accounts for a large proportion of Madagascar' by Nina Ricci s clove exports and ''Opium'' by Yves Sainworld-Laurentproduction.

Clove's main ingriedient, euganol, oil is widely used as a bioactive compound with anti-bacterial, fungicide, anticeptic, antioixidantbase in perfumes, anaesthetic and analgesic effects. It is furthermore used for example in aromatherapy, pharmacy, human ''l'Air du Temps'' by Nina Ricci and veterinary medicine including dentistry''Opium'' by Yves Sain-Laurent.

Clove 's main ingredient, eugenol, is a bioactive compound with anti-bacterial, fungicide, antiseptic, antioxidant, anaesthetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects. It is furthermore used in aromatherapy and various traditional, human and veterinary medicines including dentistry, toothpaste...  Eugenol can, however, be toxic in relatively small doses. A dose of 5-10ml has been reported to be nearly fatal for a two-year-old. Additionally, clove oil can be used as an ant and mosquito repellent. Clove is produced by hydrodistillation of classified in three categories depending on harvesting and intended use: CGI - "Handpick", CG2 - "Prima", CG3 - "Courant" (ordinary), which applies to non-food use, such as the leavesIndonesian ''kretek'' industry. When exported, although essential oils derived from cloves in the clove bud Prima category should have less than 16% moisture level and stem produce weight at least 70mg. The right moisture level at the highest yieldstime of export is important to ensure minimum weight loss while the spice is on a shop shelf or kitchen cupboard without losing its spicy properties. Well prepared and packaged clove consignment should remain in good condition for at least two years. Cloves from Madagascar are smaller than cloves from Sri-Lanka for example, with Madagascar's cloves having a stronger flavour making them suited for cooking, while Sri-Lankan cloves may be better for decorative pomanders.